【简介】下面是小编为大家整理的沈阳故宫英语导游词（共6篇），仅供大家参考借鉴，希望大家喜欢，并能积极分享!在此，感谢网友“qw887”投稿本文！
沈阳故宫英语导游词
hello, everyone! please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf of shenyang citizens. i'm with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on i will show you around shenyang imperial palace, where the founder of qing dynasty nuerhachi and his son huangtaiji lived.
shenyang imperial palace, fuling tomb and zhaoling tomb made in the early period of qing dynasty are the three famous historical sites in shenyang. shenyang imperial palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of nuerhachi and huangtaiji. after them four emperors of qing dynasty had come back from beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. they were emperor kangxi, qianlong, jiaqing and daoguang. therefore, until 1783 the palace was finally finished. shenyang imperial palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in china. the other one is forbidden city in beijing. shenyang imperial palace was entitled “historic culture relics preserved buildings” in 1961 by the state council. this palace is an emperor museum combining the architectural styles of the minorities of man, han and mongolia. this palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters, comprising over 20 courtyards, 300 houses and 70 buildings. the whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.
first let's pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section. the layout of middle section is similar to a chinese compound with three courtyards. the first courtyard is the office area. it starts from the grand qing gate on the south and ends at holy administration hall. from phoenix tower to purity and tranquility hall is the residential area. they all lay out on the same line. the main entrance to the palace is the grand qing gate, also called meridian gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .the grand qing gate was built in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .the special feature of the gate is the tile color. they are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders. yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains. the combination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth. the building to the east of grand qing gate is called ancestor temple (taimiao) with yellow tile roof, where nuerhachi's descendants offered sacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. so ancestor temple is the most important. please follow me into the gate. this path in the middle links the gate to holy administration hall with flying dragon pavilion (feilongge) and flying phoenix pavilion (xiangfengge) on each side. the hall of holy administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military, administrative affairs in early qing dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremonies. flying dragon and flying phoenix pavilions were for storing music instruments. holy administration hall was emperor huangtaiji's office. in front of the hall are rigui and jiangliang, which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. in accident construction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.
since we have visited the place where the emperors worked and now we'll pay a visit to the place where empress
and concubines lived. here is the phoenix tower. it served as an entrance to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of huangtaiji and his concubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. the tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. it was the tallest building in shenyang at that time .it is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and phoenix sunrise is one of the famous eight fascinating scenes in shenyang. look upward, we will see a board hanging up on phoenix tower ,on which emperor qianlong inscribed “ziqidonglai”, which meant the qing dynasty in beijing immigrated from shengjing, the old name for shenyang to the east .there are 24staircases leading to phoenix tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in chinese lunar calendar.
in shenyang imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is contrary to the architectural style in forbidden city in beijing. walking through the tower are the rear chambers. the one on the north in the middle was called purity and tranquility hall, which was prepared for emperor and empress. the other four lying on both sides were for concubines .purity and tranquility hall has five rooms and the first from the east was where huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any disease. his throne passed to his ninth son, fulin. in early qing dynasty, the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house, zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground. the main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opened in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag. the zigzag beds, made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called “kang” in chinese. in order to get heat and keep room warm in winter, tunnels was made under the ground of purity and tranquility hall to put fire and smoke through .now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.
now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. this red pole is called suolun pole, or holy pole. its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows. it was said that nuerhachi was saved by crows. crows are considered sacred in manchurian culture though in chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. emperor huangtaiji had four concubines. among the four concubines chen was loved best by huangtaiji and concubine zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, fulin. therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. the only chimney was built on the rear of purity and tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers, representing the 11 emperors from emperor huangtaiji to the last emperor puyi. this chimney was the highest one at that time. in chinese, the sound of chimney “tong” is the same as that of unity. to the north further is rear courtyard called yuhua garden. after visiting the middle section of the palace, we come to the eastern section. its representative building is the great administration hall, flanked by ten princes pavilions. this part was built in 1625, and they were the earliest building in shenyang imperial palace. great administration hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. great administration hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also eight banner military system.
now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were the offices of the commanders at that time. here i will give you an introduction to the military system of early manchurian period. nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .there sere then four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow banner. as the troops expanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .by then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. this army was therefore well known for eight banner army.
the last part of shenyang imperial palace is the western section, built from 1782 to 1783 and during emperor qianlong's reign. its main construction is book source pavilion (wensuge) with theater platform and good descendant-benefiting hall (jiayintang) in front, prosperity administration study (yangxizhai) and nine halls behind. book source pavilion (wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time, si ku quan shu. this encyclopedia collected most of the books in chinese history .its complication started in 1773.this set of history books is composed of seven sections, more than 36,000 volumes. it took educated persons over 10 years to finish is. when finished, the whole encyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across china. the other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost. this set is the only one well kept. but the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the palace museum in beijing and gansu province library. we can see that book source pavilion covered with black tiles. in chinese philosophy, black refers water. the pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire. so black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection. good property admiration study was for emperor reading while descendant-benefiting hall and the theater platform consisting of a courtyard for emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays. shenyang imperial palace is one of the cultural relics in china and it is the symbol of this city. it is a good combination of different nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.
and now we have to end our visiting, i hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation, goodbye.
沈阳故宫英语导游词
hello, everyone! please allow me to express a warm welcome on behalf of shenyang citizens. i#39;m with great pleasure to be your tourist guide and from now on i will show you around shenyang imperial palace, where the founder of qing dynasty nuerhachi and his son huangtaiji lived.
shenyang imperial palace, fuling tomb and zhaoling tomb made in the early period of qing dynasty are the three famous historical sites in shenyang. shenyang imperial palace with a history of over 360 years started in 1625 and was roughly accomplished in 1636 during the reign of nuerhachi and huangtaiji. after them four emperors of qing dynasty had come back from beijing to this palace for 10 times and enlarged its area and added its buildings. they were emperor kangxi, qianlong, jiaqing and daoguang. therefore, until 1783 the palace was finally finished. shenyang imperial palace is one of the two royal palaces well kept in china. the other one is forbidden city in beijing. shenyang imperial palace was entitled “historic culture relics preserved buildings” in 1961 by the state council. this palace is an emperor museum combining the architectural styles of the minorities of man, han and mongolia. this palace covers an area of 60,000 square meters, comprising over 20 courtyards, 300 houses and 70 buildings. the whole construction is divided into three sections: the east, middle and west.
first let#39;s pay a visit to the buildings in the buildings in the middle section. the layout of middle section is similar to a chinese compound with three courtyards. the first courtyard is the office area. it starts from the grand qing gate on the south and ends at holy administration hall. from phoenix tower to purity and tranquility hall is the residential area. they all lay out on the same line. the main entrance to the palace is the grand qing gate, also called meridian gate because the emperor considered himself as the son of heaven and the palace should be the center of universe .the grand qing gate was built in 1632 and is was the place where the civilian officials and military ministers to present themselves before the emperor daily .the special feature of the gate is the tile color. they are all yellow tiles but engraved with green borders. yellow symbolizes the ground and the royal right while green represents sea and mountains. the combination of them means controlling the vast areas on the earth. the building to the east of grand qing gate is called ancestor temple (taimiao) with yellow tile roof, where nuerhachi#39;s descendants offered sacrifices to their ancestors for blessings. so ancestor temple is the most important. please follow me into the gate. this path in the middle links the gate to holy administration hall with flying dragon pavilion (feilongge) and flying phoenix pavilion (xiangfengge) on each side. the hall of holy administration is the main building in the middle part of the palace and it was the center of the military, administrative affairs in early qing dynasty and had witnessed many national ceremonies. flying dragon and flying phoenix pavilions were for storing music instruments. holy administration hall was emperor huangtaiji#39;s office. in front of the hall are rigui and jiangliang, which were used as measure instruments and supposed to be the symbol of unity. in accident construction, office area is usually in the front part and residential area is in the rear.
since we have visited the place where the emperors worked and now we#39;ll pay a visit to the place where empress
and concubines lived. here is the phoenix tower. it served as an entrance to the rear chambers and also the entertainment area of huangtaiji and his concubines, and some gatherings or banquets were held occasionally. the tower was built on a terrace 3.8 meters tall. it was the tallest building in shenyang at that time .it is amazing watching sunrise in the morning on the tower and phoenix sunrise is one of the famous eight fascinating scenes in shenyang. look upward, we will see a board hanging up on phoenix tower ,on which emperor qianlong inscribed “ziqidonglai”, which meant the qing dynasty in beijing immigrated from shengjing, the old name for shenyang to the east .there are 24staircases leading to phoenix tower representing 24 seasonal divisions points in chinese lunar calendar.
in shenyang imperial palace chambers are higher than halls, which is contrary to the architectural style in forbidden city in beijing. walking through the tower are the rear chambers. the one on the north in the middle was called purity and tranquility hall, which was prepared for emperor and empress. the other four lying on both sides were for concubines .purity and tranquility hall has five rooms and the first from the east was where huangraiji passed away here at the age of 52 without any disease. his throne passed to his ninth son, fulin. in early qing dynasty, the construction style was summed up like this: bag-like house, zigzag bed and chimney sitting on the ground. the main buildings here were different from other buildings with a door was opened in the wall of the east room and the other rooms were connected together like a bag. the zigzag beds, made of mud and brick and with fire and smoke tunnels were called “kang” in chinese. in order to get heat and keep room warm in winter, tunnels was made under the ground of purity and tranquility hall to put fire and smoke through .now notice the pole standing on the ground for smoke through.
now notice the pole standing right in the middle of the courtyard. this red pole is called suolun pole, or holy pole. its round tin container near the top was filled with food for feeding crows. it was said that nuerhachi was saved by crows. crows are considered sacred in manchurian culture though in chinese culture crows are regarded as birds bringing bad luck. emperor huangtaiji had four concubines. among the four concubines chen was loved best by huangtaiji and concubine zhuang was the wisest and the mother of the next emperor, fulin. therefore, she had a special status among the concubines. the only chimney was built on the rear of purity and tranquility hall from the ground with 11 layers, representing the 11 emperors from emperor huangtaiji to the last emperor puyi. this chimney was the highest one at that time. in chinese, the sound of chimney “tong” is the same as that of unity. to the north further is rear courtyard called yuhua garden. after visiting the middle section of the palace, we come to the eastern section. its representative building is the great administration hall, flanked by ten princes pavilions. this part was built in 1625, and they were the earliest building in shenyang imperial palace. great administration hall is the place ceremonies and handled state affairs. great administration hall was built with eight sides representing the style of military tent and also eight banner military system.
now please look at the ten pavilions, five on each side, which were the offices of the commanders at that time. here i will give you an introduction to the military system of early manchurian period. nuerhachi divided his troops in four parts and each part was identified by the color of its banner .there sere then four kinds of banner: red, blue, white and yellow banner. as the troops expanded quickly, another four parts were added and therefore another four kinds of banner were needed .by then there were altogether eight kinds of banner. this army was therefore well known for eight banner army.
the last part of shenyang imperial palace is the western section, built from 1782 to 1783 and during emperor qianlong#39;s reign. its main construction is book source pavilion (wensuge) with theater platform and good descendant-benefiting hall (jiayintang) in front, prosperity administration study (yangxizhai) and nine halls behind. book source pavilion (wensuge) was specially designed for storing the encyclopedia compiled at that time, si ku quan shu. this encyclopedia collected most of the books in chinese history .its complication started in 1773.this set of history books is composed of seven sections, more than 36,000 volumes. it took educated persons over 10 years to finish is. when finished, the whole encyclopedia was duplicated in seven pavilions across china. the other six copies were either damaged during wars or lost. this set is the only one well kept. but the real copy is no longer here and now is restored in the palace museum in beijing and gansu province library. we can see that book source pavilion covered with black tiles. in chinese philosophy, black refers water. the pavilion was built for storing books and its biggest threat was fire. so black tiles hinting water covering it on the top as a way of protection. good property admiration study was for emperor reading while descendant-benefiting hall and the theater platform consisting of a courtyard for emperor ,his empress and concubines watching plays. shenyang imperial palace is one of the cultural relics in china and it is the symbol of this city. it is a good combination of different nationalities as well as a tourist attraction.
and now we have to end our visiting, i hope you all enjoy it and thank you for your cooperation, goodbye.
dear friends, welcome to shenyang. i'm your tour guide, shen meng. you can call me shen tour guide or dream guide. i prefer you to add me dream guide. ok, let's give you a brief introduction. in the center of the bustling ancient city of shenyang, there is a majestic palace complex in the qing dynasty. it's our destination for this day - shenyang palace museum.
according to the construction time and layout, the construction of shenyang palace museum can be divided into three parts: east road, middle road and west road. on this day, we follow this order. first visit the east road building.
shenyang palace museum is famous for its unique architectural art and special history at home and abroad. in this gorgeous and magnificent building complex, the oldest and most distinctive one is dazheng hall in front of us.
dazheng hall, founded in 1625, is one of the main places to handle state affairs and hold celebrations. next, as one of the earliest and most important palaces. many important historical events are staged on the stage of dazheng hall.
daqingmen is the main gate of shenyang palace museum, which is the place where civil and military officials wait before the emperor. it is commonly known as “wu chao men” in romance novels. the roof of daqingmen is covered with yellow glazed tiles and lined with green trimming, which not only retains the traditional concept of respecting yellow, but also reflects the deep nostalgia of manchu for their hometown. the palace roof is covered with yellow glazed tiles and trimmed with green.
through the gate of the qing dynasty, looking to the north is chongzheng hall. chongzheng hall, commonly known as “jinluan hall”, is the place where emperor taiji of the qing dynasty held daily court meetings.
dear friends, the layout of ancient palaces emphasizes “the former dynasty and the latter”. after seeing the jinluan hall where the emperor went to court, please follow me to visit the empress's bedroom.
fenghuang building is the place for banquets and meetings. it was the highest building in shenyang at that time. the poem says “if you want to be poor, you can go to a higher level”. you can have a panoramic view of shengjing and watch the sunrise when you climb the phoenix tower to overlook the surroundings. “fenglou xiaori” is one of the eight famous scenic spots in shengjing.
dear friends, after passing through the passage on the ground floor of fenghuang building, we entered the five facial features on the stage where the empress lived. the five facial features on the stage are qingning palace, guanju palace, linzhi palace, yanqing palace and yongfu palace.
now, please follow me to visit the palace of qingning, the palace where huang taiji and the queen live.
qingning palace east shaomen called “warm pavilion”, is the emperor's bedroom. warm pavilion is divided into north and south two rooms, two rooms are equipped with kang. on august 9, 1643, huang taiji died in the warm pavilion. at the age of 52, he was buried in shenyang zhaoling, namely beiling.
dear friends, now please follow me to visit the west road building. west road was built from 1782 to 1783, mainly including: stage, jiayintang, wensuge, etc.
speaking of wensuge, we have to mention emperor qianlong and sikuquanshu. then, in order to strengthen the cultural rule, emperor qianlong issued an imperial edict in 1772 to collect books all over the world. after more than ten years, he compiled a large series of books. the book is divided into four parts: classics, history, zi and ji, so it is called si ku quan shu. after the completion of the book, seven books were transcribed, and seven libraries were built throughout the country for collection. the wensu pavilion in shenyang palace museum was one of them.
seeing that, our tour of the day is coming to an end. next, i hope the visit to the forbidden city will leave you a perfect memory.
hello everyone! first of all, on behalf of all the citizens of shenyang, i would like to extend a warm welcome to all of you. today, i'd like to introduce shenyang palace museum, one of the scenic spots in shenyang.
shenyang palace museum covers an area of more than 60000 square meters, with more than 70 buildings of various types, consisting of more than 20 courtyards, with a total of more than 300 houses. according to the natural layout, the palace museum is divided into three parts: middle road, east road and west road.
middle road: it is the imperial palace of taizong. at the south end is the gate of the qing dynasty, which is also the main gate of the forbidden city. to the north are chongzheng hall, fenghuang coat and qingning palace, which are all arranged on a central axis, with some symmetrical ancillary buildings on both sides.
the gate of the qing dynasty was the place where the civil and military ministers of the royal court met in the daily court meeting, and also the place where the emperor taizong of the qing dynasty accepted the gratitude of the officials. after the ming dynasty's famous general hong chengchou came down to the qing dynasty, he entered from this gate and was received by huang taiji. the building on the east side of daqingmen is called ancestral temple. ancestral temple is the place where aixinjueluo family worships their ancestors. because it is the ancestral temple of the emperor, it is also called taimiao.
in front of chongzheng hall, there are five chambers in the east and west, feilong pavilion in the east and xiangfeng pavilion in the west. behind the hall is a courtyard. to the north of the courtyard, there is a high platform about 4 meters high. on the platform is the sleeping area of huang taiji and his concubines. along the steps up is a magnificent high-rise - --- phoenix tower. its original name was xiangfenglou, and it was not named fenghuanglou until 1743. fenghuang building is the gateway of qingning palace, and also the place where the emperor planned military and political events and banquets. it was built at the same time as chongzheng hall and rebuilt in the 20th year of kangxi. the building has three floors and is a three drop building. each floor has three rooms deep and wide, surrounded by an ambulatory, and the entrance of the lower floor is the corridor between the upper floor and the lower floor. fenghuanglou is not only the gate of the palace, but also the commanding height of the whole palace. it's wonderful to watch the sunrise upstairs. therefore, fenglou xiaori and fenglou guanta are famous landscapes in shencheng. the ziqidonglai gold plaque on the front door of fenghuang building is the imperial pen of emperor qianlong.
on both sides of qingning palace are the east and west palaces, the east palaces are related to ju palaces and yanqing palaces, and the west palaces are linzhi palaces and yongfu palaces. the eastern and western palaces were the residence of huang taiji and his concubines. in the northwest corner of qingning palace, there is a chimney built from the ground and lower than the back of the house. people can't see it from the front. from the series of buildings of qingning palace, we can find two major architectural features of shenyang palace museum: one is the preservation of strong manchu characteristics, namely pocket room, wanzi kang and chimney standing on the ground. second, the palace is high and the palace is low. qingning palace and its four palaces are higher than chongzheng palace and dazheng palace. this is because before the qing dynasty seized power, the manchu were a nomadic and hunting people. influenced by their living habits, they built their living places on high places to prevent the invasion of wild animals and floods. this is the opposite of the forbidden city in beijing.
behind the high platform of qingning palace is the back garden, also known as the imperial garden. there are mill houses, twenty-eight storehouses, houzaimen and other buildings in it, which are the food supply area for the emperor. and there is an underground cellar road connected with qingning palace.
on both sides of the high platform of chongzheng hall and qingning palace are the east and the west. from the south to the north of dongsuo are yihe palace, jiezhi palace and jingdian pavilion. dongsuo was the place where the empress dowager's concubines sent her greetings during the eastern tour, and also the palace where the empress dowager's real records and jade certificates were stored. from south to north, the west suo was di guang hall, bao ji hall, ji en zhai and chongmo pavilion. xisuo is the place where the emperor, empress and their children lived and where shengxun and manchu laodang were stored. the architectural form of chongmo pavilion is unique. it is a rolling shed building, which was added in the qianlong period of the qing dynasty.
the main body of the east road is dazheng hall, with ten square pavilions on both sides, which is called shiwang pavilion. dazheng hall, built in nurhachi period, is the earliest octagonal double eaves pavilion style building in the forbidden city. his highness dazheng is a xumizuo platform about 1.5 meters high, surrounded by finely carved blue stone lotus leaf vase. the hall has an axe eye door on eight sides, 40 columns inside and outside, and double dragon columns in front of the main gate. on the top of the hall are 16 colorful glass ridges, and in the center are the flame beads of the vase. inside the hall, there are delicate brackets and caisson ceiling. the beams are painted with hexi, and the roof is covered with yellow glazed tiles and green trimming. the whole building shows a strong sense of beauty and elegant decorative art taste. dazheng hall was the place where the emperor held large-scale celebrations. in 1643, emperor fulin of the qing dynasty ascended to the throne.
hello, tourists,
the scenic spot we visited this time is the world cultural heritage, national 4a scenic spot, national key cultural relics protection unit shenyang palace museum. first of all, let's take a look at the plan of shenyang palace museum.
shenyang palace museum was built in 1625 ad. after three large-scale construction, it has formed the pattern of east, middle and west roads. the east road was built in the period of nurhachi, emperor taizong of the qing dynasty, and its main buildings are dazheng hall and shiwangting; the middle road was built in the period of huangtaiji, emperor taizong of the qing dynasty, and its main buildings are daqingmen, chongzheng hall, fenghuanglou and qingning palace; the west road was built in the period of qianlong of the qing dynasty, and its main buildings are stage, jiayin hall, wenzhuge and yangxizhai, which are famous for storing sikuquanshu. as one of the two most intact ancient imperial palaces in china, shenyang palace museum and beijing palace museum echo each other, but they have totally different architectural styles. now, let's have a taste of the style of the imperial palace in the past.
the first thing we see is the daqing gate of the middle road building, commonly known as the meridian gate, which is also the main gate of shenyang palace museum. it was the place where the civil and military officials were waiting for the court at that time, and it was also the place where emperor taizong of the qing dynasty understood the gratitude of the officials. so why is this gate called daqingmen? the orthodox saying is that the name of the qing dynasty is qing, and the main gate of the palace is guomen, so it is called daqingmen. there is also a legend that this wooden door has no name after it was built, it is just called the gate. later, huang taiji changed its name to da qing. it was said that the gate of ming palace in beijing was called da ming gate, so in order to show tit for tat, it was named da qing gate.
we pass through the gate of the qing dynasty, and the front building is chongzheng hall. chongzheng hall, formerly known as “main hall”, is commonly known as jinluan hall. in the first year of chongde, it was named chongzheng hall. it is a place where huang taiji deals with military and political affairs, receives foreign envoys and frontier minority representatives.
we can see that chongzheng hall is a five room nine purlin hard mountain building. the top of the hall is paved with yellow glazed tiles with green edges. please pay attention to the glazed tiles on the top of the hall. anyone who has been to the forbidden city in beijing must clearly remember that the glazed tiles in the forbidden city in beijing are yellow, while those in shenyang are yellow with green edges. so this is one of the important differences between the shenyang palace museum and the beijing palace museum.
we went up to the platform. on both sides of the platform, there are sundials for timing and galleries for storing standard units of measurement. we can see that there are four big tanks on the platform. do you know what they are used for? let me tell you, it is called “auspicious tank”. in ancient times, it was called “menhai”, which is an important fire prevention facility in the imperial palace. it symbolizes that the water in the tank is like the sea, and it can prevent fires.
we went to xumizuo. looking up, the plaque above is “chongzheng hall” written in manchu and chinese. please look at the manchu on the left. we have a figurative metaphor: “a stick in the middle, with thorns on both sides, plus circles and dots, is the manchu character.”. so the plaques of shenyang palace museum are in manchu on the left and chinese on the right. the plaques of the forbidden city in beijing are in chinese on the left and manchu on the right. so this is the second difference between shenyang palace museum and beijing palace museum.
we look up at the plaque of “justice” hanging above chongzheng hall, which was written by emperor shunzhi. below is the throne of the emperor. it is said that there are eight golden dragons painted and carved on the throne. in addition, the real dragon emperor sitting on the throne happens to be the largest nine dragons in ancient china. at the moment, we will visit chongzheng hall.
the magnificent building in front of us is the phoenix tower. it was built in 3. on the 8-meter-high blue brick platform, there is a three story xieshan style building. its original name is xiangfenglou. it is a place for huang taiji to rest, have dinner and read books. we can see that the horizontal plaque of “ziqidonglai” hanging above the main gate was written by emperor qianlong. it means that the prosperity of the qing dynasty came from shengjing in the east. the phoenix tower was not only the main entrance of the imperial palace at that time, but also the highest building in shengjing city at that time. therefore, it was known as “fenglou xiaori” and was listed as one of the eight scenic spots in shengjing city. it's said that you could see fushun city from the phoenix tower.
through the phoenix tower, we came to a courtyard, where is the palace of huangtaiji. in front of us is the central palace of huangtaiji, the “qingning palace”. its original name is zhenggong, which is the most manchu residential building in shenyang palace museum. we can see that its door is on the east side. it is shaped like a pocket, so it is called “pocket room”. dongyi, also known as warm pavilion, is the bedroom of huangtaiji and boljijit, empress xiaoduanwen. the palace is divided into north and south rooms, each with a heated kang, also known as a dragon bed. in 1643, huang taiji sat there and died of no illness. he was 52 years old and was later buried in zhaoling. then, under the window of the second room on the east side, there are two big pots. what are they used for? let me explain. these two pots are used for sacrifice. manchu people believe in shamanism. people pour hot wine into the pig's ears. if the pig's ears shake, it means that the god has accepted the sacrifice. if it doesn't move, it means that the gods are not satisfied, and the sacrificial activities can't go on. then the pig will shake his head because of being stimulated. manchu people think that at this time, the pig has become a medium connecting heaven and earth. then, the pigs were washed and cut into large pieces. they were put into two large pots on the north side and cooked with clean water. the cooked meat was put into the wooden trough and offered to the gods. then it was distributed to the people who participated in the sacrifice, which was called “eating blessing meat”. manchu believed that after eating blessing meat, blessing would come to everyone.
now, we come to the room on the west side. the three rooms on the west side are connected, and the ring kang is built on the north, west and south sides, which is called “wanzi kang”. it is not only the place where the emperor held a casual banquet in the inner palace, but also the place where the manchu shaman prayed for the emperor and the country.
the difference between qingning palace and han architecture lies in that its chimney is built behind the house, and it is built up from the ground. later, we'll look at the chimney behind the detour. the architectural features of “pocket room, ten thousand character kang and chimney built on the ground” in qingning palace have the unique national style of manchu.
when we get out of qingning palace, the other four palaces you see are guanju palace, linzhi palace, yanqing palace and yongfu palace. let's visit them one by one.
guanju palace is the bedroom of hai lanzhu, the most beloved imperial concubine in huang taiji's life. hai lanzhu is the niece of the empress of zhonggong and the sister of princess zhuang of yongfu palace. hai lanzhu was 26 years old when she married huang taiji, but huang taiji had deep feelings for her. hai lanzhu died of illness in the sixth year of chongde because of the early death of his eighth prince. two years after his death, huang taiji also died. it is said that huang taiji's early death is closely related to the death of chen fei two years ago.
this is yanqing palace, the bedroom of imperial concubine taiji. her daughter is married to dorgon by imperial concubine taiji
this is linzhi palace. it is the bedroom of namuzhong, the imperial concubine of taiji, whose son bogor once became the biggest competitor for the throne of fulin after the death of taiji. later, he became an important official in the court.
let's take a look at yongfu palace, which is the lowest position among the imperial concubines. yongfu palace is the palace of zhuang's concubine boljigit. when it comes to the influence on the qing regime, princess zhuang's role far exceeds that of her four empresses, and she is regarded as the most promising empress in the history of the qing dynasty. concubine zhuang is also the niece of the empress of zhonggong and the sister of hailanzhu in guanju palace. with her outstanding political ability, princess zhuang assisted the three emperors to achieve the foundation of the qing dynasty. in the 26th year of kangxi reign, princess zhuang died of illness at the age of 75. she became the woman with the longest longevity in the palace of the qing dynasty.
you see, the red wooden pole standing in the southwest corner of the courtyard is called the solon pole, and the top of the wooden pole has a tin bucket. manchu call it “shengan”. it's used to feed crows. so tourists will wonder why manchu people sacrifice crows? in fact, this is related to a legend about crows. the ancestor of manchu once lay on the ground in despair when he was chased by his enemies. at this time, a group of crows happened to fall on him. the enemy passed by and thought that the crow would not stay where there were living people, so the ancestors of manchu were saved. later, the manchu people began to offer sacrifices to the crows in order to repay the crows for saving their ancestors' lives. when offering sacrifices, they put the pig's viscera into the tin bucket to support the crows.
at the moment, what we see is the chimney behind the qingning palace, which was the only chimney in shenyang at that time. it means “unifying the country”. how many floors is the chimney yes, there are eleven floors. i tell you that there are three bricks above the eleven floors. so how to say that? let me ask you a little question: how many emperors of the qing dynasty and how many of them died for the qing dynasty, there were 12 emperors. eleven of them died. puyi, the last emperor, was emperor for only three years. it coincides with the “unification of rivers and mountains” of these 11 floors and 03 bricks.
well, my friends, i'll introduce shenyang palace museum to you. i hope my explanation will leave a deep impression on you. now you can move freely for 30 minutes. after 30 minutes, we will meet at the main gate.
today we are visiting shenyang palace museum. as we all know, shenyang is “the birthplace of one dynasty, the capital of two emperors”, full of rhyme, fresh wind and rich historical flavor. shenyang famous building has “one palace and two mausoleums”, and this palace is the magnificent building in front of us - shenyang palace museum.
shenyang palace museum was called “shengjing palace” when it was first built. after the qing dynasty moved its capital to beijing, it was also called “the palace of the accompanying capital” and “the palace of the remaining capital”, and it was known as “the holy relic of the early republic of china”. it was first built in 1625 (the tenth year of emperor tianming of the later jin dynasty) and completed in 1636 (the first year of chongde of the qing dynasty). it was built and used by nurhachi and huangtaiji of the qing dynasty. in 1643, emperor fulin of the qing dynasty ascended to the throne and changed to shunzhi. so shenyang can also be said to be “the birthplace of one dynasty and the capital of three emperors”.
shenyang palace museum covers an area of more than 60000 square meters, with more than 100 buildings and more than 500 rooms. according to its layout, it can be divided into three parts: east road, middle road and west road. east road is the part of the building we can see in front of us. it was built in nurhachi period and has strong manchu characteristics. the buildings on the east road mainly include dazheng hall and shiwang pavilion. you can see that the octagonal hall in the middle of the square is dazheng hall. dazheng hall, also known as “da yamen” and “du gong hall”, is the place where nurhachi attends and works. dazheng hall is 18 meters high, under which there is a 1.5-meter-high xumizuo platform surrounded by exquisitely carved blue stone fence. it is an octagonal pavilion building with double eaves and a sharp top. the top of the hall is yellow glazed tile with green trimming. in the center is the sharp top of the vase flame beads. (the vase is a buddhist weapon, which is regarded as a sacred thing, and the flame beads are ruyi beads. it is said that those who get this bead can satisfy all kinds of desires. )there are eight colorful glass ridges on the top and bottom of the double eaves. on each ridge stands a mongolian strongman, with his face facing the top, his legs slightly bent and his side drawn, which symbolizes the unity of all directions. the 10 pavilions on both sides are the ten king pavilions. from the overall architectural layout, the main hall is in the middle. there are 10 pavilions on both sides, from north to south, unfolding in the shape of eight characters, which makes the main hall more far-reaching visually. this kind of spatial processing is only one example in chinese palace architecture. shiwang pavilion is also known as “eight flag pavilion”. some tourists may think of the eight flag pavilion (to the east are left wing pavilion, yellow flag pavilion, white flag pavilion, white flag pavilion and blue flag pavilion). in the west are the right wing wang ting, the right yellow flag pavilion, the right red flag pavilion, the red flag pavilion and the blue flag pavilion. there should be eight pavilions. what are the other two pavilions? the pavilions at the left and right ends near the main hall are the left wing wang ting and the right wing wang ting, which are the offices of the left and right wing princes. the eight flag pavilion is the office of the eight flag leader. this pattern of building the hall of king han's hearing together with the pavilions of princes and ministers of eight banners waiting for the court to discuss affairs was decided by the eight banners system of military and political integration at the beginning of nurhachi's rise. it reflects the historical features of nurhachi's later years, when he was the sole leader of a khan and the ruling party of bahe shuobel.
to the west, you come to the middle road of shenyang palace museum. the buildings on the middle road are mainly built in the period of huangtaiji, where many historical stories are staged. shenyang palace museum middle road building has its own system, a total of three courtyard. from south to north, there are daqingmen, chongzheng hall, fenghuanglou and qingning palace. they are all arranged on a central axis, and there are some symmetrical ancillary buildings on both sides.
daqingmen is the main gate of shenyang palace museum, commonly known as meridian gate. we just entered the palace museum from there. (daqingmen is a five room hard mountain building). at that time, daqingmen was not allowed to enter or leave as casually as it is now. daqingmen was not only the place where civil and military officials were waiting for the court. it is also the place where huang taiji accepted the gratitude of the officials. at that time, after the ming dynasty's famous generals hong chengchou and zu dashou came to the qing dynasty, they knelt down in front of the gate of the qing dynasty to apologize for their surrender, waiting for orders to summon them, and were received by huang taiji. when an official is promoted or given a pardon, he has to kowtow to the “chongzheng hall” at the north gate.
you can see that the solemn hall in front of us is chongzheng hall. the former name of chongzheng hall is “main hall”, commonly known as “jinluan hall”. it is the place where huang taiji deals with military and political affairs, receives foreign envoys and frontier minority representatives. chongzheng hall is a five room nine lin hard mountain style building. the most eye-catching places are the yellow glazed tile green trimming on the top of the hall, the colorful glazed components of longtou, bofeng, longkou, peak and ridge, as well as the colorful dragon and auspicious animals in relief, which make the whole hall more noble, solemn and spectacular. another ingenuity of chongzheng hall is that the upper part of the two front and rear external eaves columns is shaped like a dragon. the dragon's head protrudes from the column head, and the dragon's body passes through the corridor directly into the hall. the posture is vivid, as if the dragons are flying out of the hall. it has dual functions of structure and decoration, and the design is very ingenious.
around the chongzheng hall, we can see the phoenix building. the vestibule of the phoenix building is located in the middle of the “former dynasty and later bedroom”, which is a transitional courtyard. the phoenix building is built on a 3.8-meter-high blue brick platform. the platform has 24 steps, which symbolizes the 24 solar terms. every 24 solar terms is a year. the emperor steps on the 24 platform every day, which means that the qing dynasty can go through thousands of years the fenghuang tower is a three story building with a height of 18.31 meters. it was originally called fengxiang tower. it is a place for huang taiji to rest, hold banquets and read books. in 1743 (the eighth year of the reign of emperor qianlong), it was changed to its current name. the gold plaque of “ziqi donglai” hanging above the main door of fenghuang building was written by emperor qianlong. it means that the great qing dynasty's national strength and prosperity came from the eastern capital. it expresses the qing emperors' worship for the place where their ancestors started their business. fenghuanglou is not only the gate of the back palace, but also the highest building in shengjing city at that time. therefore, it has the reputation of “fenglou xiaoyue” and “fenglou guanta”, and is listed as one of the eight sights of shengjing city.
through the phoenix tower, we are now in the back palace of huang taiji, the residence of huang taiji and his concubines. the overall architecture of the back palace is higher than that of the previous dynasty. this feature of “high palace and low palace” reflects the traditional living habits of the manchu people.
for the characteristic buildings of the harem, there is a popular saying: pocket room, ten thousand character kang and chimney falling on the ground. what is a pocket room? you can see that the front and back porch building in front of us is the qingning palace. you can see that there are five rooms in the palace, and the door is not opened in the middle, but in the south of the east two rooms, which is like a pocket. qingning palace, originally known as the “main palace”, is the most characteristic building of manchu residence in shenyang imperial palace. the east one is the bedroom of huang taiji and empress xiaoduanwen (boljijit's family). in 1643 (the eighth year of chongde), huang taiji ended up sitting on the south kang. later, he was buried in zhaoling. what's the matter with the wanzi kang? you can see that the west three rooms of the palace are connected, and the north, west and south three sides are connected to form a ring kang, which is like “wanzi kang”, so people commonly call it “wanzi kang”. what's the matter with “chimney falling on the ground”? the chimney of the palace of qingning is behind the palace of qingning, which is built from the ground, slightly lower than the ridge of the house. we can bypass it later go to see. at that time, there was such a ban that the chimneys of all common people's houses were not allowed to be higher than those of the imperial palace, implying that the qing dynasty “ruled the country.”,
the east-west palace on both sides of qingning palace (the east palace is about ju palace and yanqing palace, and the west palace is about linzhi palace and yongfu palace) is where the concubines live. the most famous one is yongfu palace where zhuang fei lives, because in 1638 (the third year of chongde), qing shizu fulin was born in yongfu palace.
(a tourist just asked what the tall pole at the south end of the main gate of the courtyard of qingning palace is for. it's the solon pole. the manchu people call it the “god pole”, which is used by manchu people to worship heaven. when offering sacrifices to heaven, the tin bucket at the top was filled with grains and pig scraps to worship crows. this reflects the worship concept of spirit birds of manchu shamanism and is said to be related to the legend of the savior of crows. )
next we come to shenyang palace museum west road. the west road was built to meet the needs of the emperor's eastward tour. it was built during the reign of emperor qianlong. the main buildings are wensu pavilion, stage, jiayin hall and yangxi zhai. the courtyard is connected with each other, and dor is not chaotic. it is a place with strong cultural flavor.
wenzhuge was built from 1781 (qianlong 46) to 1783 (qianlong 48). it is the main building in the west road. it was built after the tianyi pavilion of fan qin, a great calligrapher in ningbo, zhejiang province in the ming dynasty. it specially collects the large-scale book sikuquanshu compiled during the qianlong period. it is also one of the seven famous pavilions in china to store sikuquanshu. the name of the pavilion was determined by emperor qianlong because it is located in the ancestor the birthplace of “shengjing”, so take the meaning of “tracing the origin” named “wensuge”. (sikuquanshu is composed of four parts: classics, history, books and collections. its structure is rigorous. it is a precious heritage in ancient chinese literature and is of great significance to carry forward and spread national culture. )in october 1966, based on the consideration of war preparedness, liaoning province secretly transported sikuquanshu to lanzhou and then transferred it to gansu provincial library.
wenzhuge is a hard mountain style building with six rooms wide. it has two stories of double eaves on the outside and three stories on the inside, with obvious architectural style of jiangnan. different from other buildings in shenyang palace museum, the roof of wensu pavilion is decorated with black glazed tiles and green trimming, which is unique in shenyang palace museum. according to the five elements and eight trigrams, black represents water, and fire is the most taboo in books. black tile is the top symbol of water conquering fire.
there is a square stele pavilion in the east of wensu pavilion and a stone tablet inside. the front is engraved with emperor qianlong's inscription on imperial wenzhuge, and the back is engraved with emperor qianlong's treatise on song xiaozong. the inscription records in detail the process of building the pavilion and the collection of sikuquanshu.
in front of the pavilion, there is a jiayin hall outside the palace, a corridor on the left and right, and a stage in the south. it is the place where the emperor visited the east during the qianlong and jiaqing periods.
dear tourists, my explanation ends here. next, you can move freely, but please pay attention to personal and property safety. please remember our gathering time and place. thank you!